Dysplasia News and Research

RSS

Dysplasia is a term used in pathology to refer to an abnormality in maturation of cells within a tissue. This generally consists of an expansion of immature cells, with a corresponding decrease in the number and location of mature cells.

Genetic variants associated with rare inherited growth disorder identified in two prehistoric individuals

Researchers led by the University of Vienna and Liège University Hospital Centre have identified genetic variants associated with a rare inherited growth disorder in two prehistoric individuals who lived more than 12,000 years ago.

29 Jan 2026

AI predicts health outcomes for premature newborns from blood samples

An artificial intelligence-based tool can predict the medical trajectories of individual premature newborns from blood samples collected soon after they are born, a Stanford Medicine-led study has shown.

21 Jan 2026

Study finds no safety or efficacy gap between paracetamol and ibuprofen for neonatal PDA

In a UK pilot randomized trial, intravenous paracetamol and ibuprofen showed no statistically significant differences in short-term efficacy or safety when used as rescue therapy for hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in very preterm infants. The study demonstrated high feasibility but was not powered to determine clinical superiority or equivalence between treatments.

21 Jan 2026

Johns Hopkins study links mild pancreatic duct dilatation to higher cancer risk

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is projected to become the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States by 2030, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

14 Nov 2025

Early lean mass shapes long-term brain development in preterm infants

Extremely preterm infants with higher fat-free mass at term-equivalent age show better cognitive, language, and motor outcomes through age three. Early lean-tissue growth offers stronger neurodevelopmental insight than traditional growth measures.

12 Nov 2025

Study reveals the success of spinal anesthesia for preterm infants undergoing inguinal hernia surgery

Every year, more than 13 million babies are born prematurely worldwide, and up to one-third of them require surgical repair of inguinal hernias—a procedure that, under general anesthesia, carries significant postoperative risks such as apnea, bradycardia, and desaturation.

24 Oct 2025

AGA updates guidelines for Barrett's Esophagus to catch cancer early

The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) released a new clinical practice guideline on the surveillance of Barrett's esophagus, the only known precursor to esophageal cancer (adenocarcinoma), a highly lethal cancer whose incidence has risen substantially over recent decades.

21 Oct 2025

AI tool detects tiny brain lesions to improve epilepsy treatment in children

An advanced AI tool can detect tiny brain lesions that cause severe epilepsy in children, allowing faster diagnosis, more precise treatment and a potential cure, according to a new study.

30 Sep 2025

Microplastics pose potential risks to bone health

The production and use of over 400 million tons of plastic each year has polluted beaches, rivers, and even the deepest parts of the ocean, reaching depths of up to 11,000 meters.

18 Sep 2025

Holder vs Retort: How milk pasteurization shapes preterm infants’ gut health

Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that pasteurization methods shape the gut microbiomes of preterm infants fed donor human milk. Holder pasteurization preserved microbial diversity and beneficial taxa better than Retort, producing microbiomes more similar to those from mothers’ own milk.

17 Sep 2025

‘Rogue’ DNA rings identified as drivers of aggressive brain cancer

An international team of scientists has revealed how rogue rings of DNA that float outside of our chromosomes – known as extrachromosomal DNA, or ecDNA – can drive the growth of a large proportion of glioblastomas, the most common and aggressive adult brain cancer.

9 Sep 2025

Researchers classify how specific genetic mutations correspond to rare disorders

The NF-κB signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in how our bodies fight infection, heal, and regulate inflammation. At the heart of this pathway is the NEMO protein, encoded by the IKBKG gene.

30 Jul 2025

ChatGPT matches radiologists in pancreatic cyst analysis

Artificial intelligence (AI) models such as ChatGPT are designed to rapidly process data. Using the AI ChatGPT-4 platform to extract and analyze specific data points from the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with pancreatic cysts, researchers found near-perfect accuracy when compared directly against the manual approach of chart review performed by radiologists, according to a study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons (JACS).

15 Jul 2025

Capsule sponge test offers less invasive option for monitoring Barrett's esophagus

Endoscopies could be replaced by far less invasive capsule sponge tests for half of all patients with Barrett's esophagus, a known precursor to esophageal cancer, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital and Queen Mary University of London.

23 Jun 2025

Early signs of breastfeeding failures after premature birth

A study on breastfeeding after premature birth identifies key factors affecting milk composition and volume, emphasizing the need for early support for mothers.

10 Jun 2025

Ciliary dynamics may play a role in the pathophysiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Premature infants are at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or BPD, a type of lung injury associated with increased mortality.

19 May 2025

Wearable X-ray technology makes respiratory scans more comfortable for young children

Light conversion technology developed by University of Queensland researchers will be used for wearable X-ray devices that make respiratory scans more comfortable for young children.

6 May 2025

Anal cancer rates increasing among older white and Hispanic women in the U.S.

Anal cancer has been steadily increasing in the United States, with the biggest jumps among older women, especially white and Hispanic women - a shift that challenges assumptions about high-risk groups and who should be screened, according to a study to be presented today at Digestive Disease Week 2025.

5 May 2025

Genetic pathways explain why some people grow tall and others stay short

A landmark review in Nature Reviews Genetics dissects the rare and common genetic variants that shape human height. The paper explains how monogenic and polygenic factors converge on key growth pathways and influence disease risk.

7 Apr 2025

Researchers uncover 195 genetic risk factors driving women’s reproductive diseases

Scientists identified 195 genetic risk loci across 42 female reproductive health conditions, revealing shared genetic pathways and developing a polygenic risk score for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). These findings pave the way for personalized reproductive healthcare and targeted treatments based on genetic risk.

12 Mar 2025