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Early detection of primary progressive aphasia through speech and hearing tests

Difficulty finding words or the habit of substituting them with others that are similar semantically – such as knife and cutter – or phonologically – such as knife and wife – are usually the first symptoms of a type of dementia known as primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

30 Apr 2025

TDP-43 dysfunction in brain blood vessels may drive Alzheimer's and ALS progression

Reduced levels of a critical protein are linked to devastating brain diseases like Alzheimer's, frontotemporal dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Surprisingly, the protein shortage primarily affects the brain's blood vessels.

30 Apr 2025

Existing therapies may help control chronic muscle inflammation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A new study led by researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) suggests that currently available therapies may help control chronic muscle inflammation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a severe condition that leads to muscle weakness and premature death.

30 Apr 2025

Researchers identify blood biomarkers linked to Long COVID symptoms

Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified biomarkers in the blood associated with symptoms of long COVID, particularly severe respiratory disorders.

30 Apr 2025

Researchers tie childhood vitamin D shortfalls to adult heart disease

Low childhood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were linked to a significantly higher risk of early adult-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The association remained even after accounting for conventional childhood risk factors and persisted across multiple analyses.

30 Apr 2025

Study links impaired synaptic pruning to autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition in which affected individuals experience difficulties in social communication and exhibit restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests.

30 Apr 2025

High fructose diets impair brain function and appetite control, study shows

Review highlights how excessive fructose intake disrupts brain energy balance, appetite regulation, and cognitive function. Processed sources, such as sugary drinks, may overwhelm metabolic pathways and induce neuroinflammation, particularly during adolescence.

30 Apr 2025

Digital cognitive assessments may offer a feasible way to screen older adults for dementia

Many adults aged 65 and older never receive a cognitive check during regular primary care visits. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a digital cognitive assessment for Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) screening into primary care.

30 Apr 2025

NR2F1 promotes cataract formation by activating STAT3 pathway

Cataracts are a prevalent ocular condition characterized by a progressive decline in vision, ultimately leading to blindness.

30 Apr 2025

Midlife exercise may help lower Alzheimer's risk

An increase in physical activity between the ages of 45 and 65 could help prevent Alzheimer's disease, while inactivity may be detrimental to brain health.

30 Apr 2025

Brensocatib once-daily pill shows benefits for chronic lung disease

Results of a large, global clinical trial spanning five continents with over 1,700 patients with bronchiectasis, published this April in the New England Journal of Medicine, demonstrated benefits of an investigational, once-a-day pill called brensocatib as a therapy for the chronic lung condition.

30 Apr 2025

New protein target offers hope for treating high blood pressure and aortic aneurysms

Oxidative stress can occur when our cells are exposed to harmful molecules called "reactive oxygen species" over time. These reactive oxygen species can damage cells and are found in important disease states, such as high blood pressure and aortic aneurysms.

30 Apr 2025

Higher biological age linked to increased dementia risk

People whose biological age is higher than their chronological age may be more likely to develop dementia than people whose biological age matches or is lower than their chronological age, according to a study published on April 30, 2025, online in Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

30 Apr 2025

Semaglutide shows promise in treating severe liver disease

Semaglutide effectively treats liver disease in two thirds of patients, new research has found.

30 Apr 2025

Can folic acid prevent or promote breast cancer? It depends on dose and DNA

Folic acid plays a dual role in breast cancer depending on dose and context. While moderate intake may reduce risk, high levels or genetic variants disrupting metabolism may promote tumor progression via altered DNA methylation.

30 Apr 2025

Single DNA mutation disrupts tumor suppressor pathways in blood cancer

Australian researchers have discovered that a single mutation in the DNA sequence for a methylation enzyme dysregulates key tumor-suppressing pathways, opening up new avenues for blood cancer treatment.

30 Apr 2025

CAD/CAM techniques improve outcomes in jaw reconstruction after cancer surgery

For patients undergoing jaw reconstruction after surgery for head and neck cancer, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques can improve some key clinical outcomes, reports a study in the May issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery®, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS).

30 Apr 2025