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New study finds familial risk and heritability of cancer among twins

A large new study of twins has found that having a twin sibling diagnosed with cancer poses an excess risk for the other twin to develop any form of cancer. Among the 23 different types of cancer studied, an excess familial risk was seen for almost all of the cancers, including common cancers such as breast and prostate cancer, but also more rare cancers such as testicular cancer, head and neck cancer, melanoma, ovarian and stomach cancer.

6 Jan 2016

Study may hold new revelations about how stress during pregnancy affects mothers and offspring

The sequencing of the first genome involving a cockroach species may one day serve as a model system comparable to how research on mice can apply to humans. In this case, the model could hold new revelations about how stress during pregnancy could affect both the mother and her offspring.

6 Jan 2016

Income disparities persist between male and female urologists

Although the field of urology remains largely male dominated, the proportion of female physicians specializing in urology has increased from less than 0.5% in 1981 to 10% today, and 33% of students entering urology internships and residency programs are now female.

6 Jan 2016

Lipoprotein nanoplatelets important for imaging biological molecules and cells

An interdisciplinary research team from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has developed a new material composite derived from quantum dots. These lipoprotein nanoplatelets are rapidly taken up by cells and retain their fluorescence, making them particularly well-suited for imaging cells and understanding disease mechanisms.

6 Jan 2016

New study explores effects of Great Recession on alcohol use among people who remained employed

Periods of economic uncertainty tend to influence drinking problems among people who lose their jobs, as some turn to alcohol due to stress or because they have more free time and fewer responsibilities.

6 Jan 2016

Global action on reducing mercury emissions should lead to billions in economic benefits for U.S.

Mercury pollution is a global problem with local consequences: Emissions from coal-fired power plants and other sources travel around the world through the atmosphere, eventually settling in oceans and waterways, where the pollutant gradually accumulates in fish. Consumption of mercury-contaminated seafood leads to increased risk for cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairments.

6 Jan 2016

Use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion

In an analysis of approximately 1.4 million pregnancies in Denmark, use of the oral antifungal medication fluconazole during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion compared with risk among unexposed women and women who used a topical antifungal during pregnancy, according to a study in the January 5 issue of JAMA.

6 Jan 2016

Easy-to-follow MIND diet helps lower Alzheimer's risk

A diet created, studied and reported on by researchers at Rush University Medical Center has been ranked the easiest diet to follow and the second best overall diet (tying in both categories) for 2016 by U.S. News & World Report.

6 Jan 2016

New allocation system boosts kidney transplantation rates for black and Hispanic patients on waiting lists

Year-old changes to the system that distributes deceased donor kidneys nationwide have significantly boosted transplantation rates for black and Hispanic patients on waiting lists, reducing racial disparities inherent in the previous allocation formula used for decades, according to results of research led by a Johns Hopkins transplant surgeon.

6 Jan 2016

Mosquitoes known to transmit dengue, chikungunya more likely to lay eggs in water sources near flowers

Certain mosquitoes are more likely to lay eggs in water sources near flowers than in water sources without flowers, according to an article published in the Journal of Medical Entomology.

6 Jan 2016

Genetic mutation in starlings could shed light on mitochondrial disease in humans

Deakin University and UNSW Australia researchers have made a rare observation of rapid evolution in action in the wild, documenting the spread of a newly arisen genetic mutation in invasive starlings, which could shed light on mitochondrial disease in humans.

6 Jan 2016

Study shows clear role of bacteria in modulating immune function in the lungs

Microbiota--the trillions of bacteria that co-exist in the body--regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses, according to a study led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, published online in the Journal of Experimental Medicine.

6 Jan 2016

Local health departments could play vital role in tackling mental health issues in U.S.

Local health departments could play a significant role in tackling mental health issues in the United States, according to a recent study conducted by faculty in Drexel's Dornsife School of Public Health.

6 Jan 2016

Researchers find no evidence that prenatal exposure to antidepressants increases risk for autism, ADHD

An analysis of medical records data from three Massachusetts health care systems finds no evidence that prenatal exposure to antidepressants increases the risk for autism and related disorders or for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

6 Jan 2016

New research looks at heavy users of mental health care

While a small number of people account for a disproportionately large portion of health services use, heavy users of mental health care have substantially different patterns of health care use than other heavy users of health care, according to new research by the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences.

6 Jan 2016

Scientists demonstrate workings of CCL2 mechanism that stimulates nerve regeneration

The peripheral nervous system is a vast network of nerves that exists primarily outside of brain and spinal cord and connects to the far reaches of the body. The very expanse of peripheral nerves makes them highly vulnerable to injuries such as blunt-force blows, cuts, and leg and arm fractures, as well as diseases that attack peripheral nerves such as diabetes, Charcot-Marie-Tooth, and Guillain-Barre syndrome.

6 Jan 2016

Medical Research News

New study finds familial risk and heritability of cancer among twins

Study may hold new revelations about how stress during pregnancy affects mothers and offspring

Income disparities persist between male and female urologists

Lipoprotein nanoplatelets important for imaging biological molecules and cells

New study explores effects of Great Recession on alcohol use among people who remained employed

Global action on reducing mercury emissions should lead to billions in economic benefits for U.S.

Use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion

Easy-to-follow MIND diet helps lower Alzheimer's risk

New allocation system boosts kidney transplantation rates for black and Hispanic patients on waiting lists

Mosquitoes known to transmit dengue, chikungunya more likely to lay eggs in water sources near flowers

Genetic mutation in starlings could shed light on mitochondrial disease in humans

Study shows clear role of bacteria in modulating immune function in the lungs

Local health departments could play vital role in tackling mental health issues in U.S.

Researchers find no evidence that prenatal exposure to antidepressants increases risk for autism, ADHD

New research looks at heavy users of mental health care

Scientists demonstrate workings of CCL2 mechanism that stimulates nerve regeneration

CAMH researchers identify 428 distinct disease conditions that co-occur in people with FASD

Exercise training could be a new treatment for prostate cancer

Radiation therapy lowers risk of cancer recurrence in pancreatic cancer surgery patients

Alpha-synuclein protein involved in Parkinson's disease pathology does not behave like a 'prion'

Expanding research and clinical options for children with cancer

Examining how pain could play a direct protective role in the gut

From Puberty to Menopause: Clue’s CEO, Audrey Tsang on the Power of Femtech

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