Australian swine flu vaccine ready in months

A vaccine developed 'in record time' by Australian scientists to protect against the influenza A H1N1 virus (swine flu) may not be available just yet because this swine flu vaccine, developed by University of Queensland (UQ) scientists, is not yet registered for use in Australia.

The swine flu vaccine was developed by the University's Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, just two weeks after receiving the genetic construct from the United States.

According to Professor Anton Middelberg, from UQ's Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, in Brisbane, new technology allowed the vaccines to be produced quicker than conventional methods based on eggs and they now hope that clinical trials can also be fast tracked.

To date almost 4,000 Australians have been infected with swine flu and five have died of swine related causes.

The University collaborated with the American company Protein Sciences Corporation (PSC) to produce the vaccines faster using the latest cell culture vaccine technology and Professor Middelberg says the company is planning to stage clinical human trials in the U.S., Mexico and Australia and it is expected that Australia will be one of the first to benefit from this new technology.

Professor Anton Middelberg, from UQ's Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, said the vaccine matched the virus found in the first US case of swine flu, a 10-year-old boy in San Diego.

Professor Middelberg said the new technology, from US firm Protein Sciences Corporation (PSC), was able to produce vaccines more quickly than conventional methods based on eggs.

"This vaccine has been produced using the latest cell culture vaccine technology from the US and contains no egg protein," Professor Middelberg said.

"We only received the genetic construct from PSC two weeks ago and we have been able to produce the vaccine already, which is an amazing achievement."

UQ recently signed a landmark research agreement with PSC to bring the technology to Australia, with a focus on collaborative research into better manufacturing methods.

Dr Manon Cox, Chief Operating Officer of PSC, said its seasonal FluBlok vaccine contains three-times more hemagglutinin (HA) protein than Australia's normal seasonal vaccine, and as such, could provide enhanced protection for those at risk of severe influenza.

Connecticut-based PSC has used cell technology to develop a new seasonal vaccine called FluBlok and has just been awarded a $45 million US Government contract to produce the vaccine.

"More than 5000 people have received FluBlok (the vaccine) in clinical tests, which has shown that the medicine works and is safe," Dr Cox said.

The technology relies on making vaccine in cell culture instead of eggs and draws on approaches already used to make life-saving products such as antibodies and cancer vaccines.

"This technology puts eggs back in the frying pan," Professor Middelberg said.

"Most importantly, the vaccine can be made quickly when a new virus emerges or when it changes, and we can turn manufacturing on and off as needed. So we can choose to make vaccine just for those at risk of severe illness."

Dr Linda Lua, Director of UQ's Protein Expression Facility, said the batches of vaccine made at UQ would be used only for research purposes as they were not registered for use in Australia.

"What we hope to do with the technology is not only get it registered so that Australians can use this vaccine, but also to improve the manufacturing technology to make it even faster," Dr Lua said.

"This will allow us to be better positioned next time Australia is confronted with a pandemic situation, or in case swine flu turns nasty."