Physiology News and Research

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Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans in good health, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed. The principal level of focus of physiology is at the level of organs and systems. Most aspects of human physiology are closely homologous to corresponding aspects of animal physiology, and animal experimentation has provided much of the foundation of physiological knowledge. Anatomy and physiology are closely related fields of study: anatomy, the study of form, and physiology, the study of function, are intrinsically tied and are studied in tandem as part of a medical curriculum.

Father of modern corneal science honored with the 2022 António Champalimaud Vision Award

Claes H. Dohlman, MD, PhD, whose pioneering research at Mass Eye and Ear and in the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School (HMS) has forever changed the way conditions of the cornea are understood and treated, has been presented with the 2022 António Champalimaud Vision Award for his vast contributions to vision research.

15 Sep 2022

Exercise hormone irisin blocks Parkinson's-associated α-synuclein aggregation and related neuronal toxicity

A new paper discusses the hope held out by recent results on a compound called irisin, a short protein secreted by skeletal muscle that produces some exercise-related effects on the brain.

15 Sep 2022

Three rapid-launch research initiatives seek to advance the development of brain health metrics

Center for BrainHealth is excited to announce three rapid-launch research initiatives seeking to advance the development of the first objective metrics of improved brain systems in response to interventions.

14 Sep 2022

Blocking FNDC5 prevents cancer-induced cachexia in mice

The severe muscle atrophy and weakness commonly associated with cancer growth (i.e., cachexia) can be prevented simply by being deprived of FNDC5, the precursor of the exercise hormone irisin, researchers from the Indiana University School of Medicine have found.

12 Sep 2022

Researchers uncover the structure of protein fibrils linked to hereditary form of human prion disease

In a new study, researchers from the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have identified the structure of protein fibrils linked to a hereditary form of human prion disease.

12 Sep 2022

Morning-loaded and evening-loaded diets produce similar weight loss, with no energy metabolism differences

There's the old saying in dieting that one must "breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dine like a pauper," based on the belief that consuming the bulk of daily calories in the morning optimizes weight loss by burning calories more efficiently and quickly.

12 Sep 2022

Study reveals gut-brain circuits drive cravings for fatty foods

In a recent study published in the journal Nature, researchers explored the neural basis for fat preference and identified receptors and neuronal elements mediating its development.

11 Sep 2022

UT Southwestern scientists identify genetic mutations that contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Using a genetic screening platform developed by a UT Southwestern Nobel Laureate, scientists with the Center for the Genetics of Host Defense at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified genetic mutations that contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), providing a potential future target for therapeutic interventions.

9 Sep 2022

Early life exposure to antibiotics can have long-lasting effects on adult gut health

Preterm and low birth weight babies are routinely given antibiotics to prevent, not just treat, infections, which they have a high risk of developing.

9 Sep 2022

Study provides a potential game-changer in assessing treatment response in pancreatic cancer patients

The statistics for pancreatic cancer are sobering. With a five-year survival rate of only 9%, incidence of the most common type, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is growing and projected to be the second cause of cancer deaths by 2030.

8 Sep 2022

Study establishes link between Piezo1 and intracellular cholesterol levels during neural development

A new University of California, Irvine-led study reveals how mechanical forces and tissue mechanics influence the morphology of the developing brain, and establishes a direct link in neural stem cells between Piezo1, a mechanically-activated ion channel, and intracellular cholesterol levels during neural development.

8 Sep 2022

How a key brain network responds to seasonal shifts in day length

A recent paper examined the difference in neuronal communication in the hypothalamic network that regulates physiological function in response to the photoperiod.

8 Sep 2022

Scientists develop a model human gut microbiome

A team of US-based scientists has developed a novel bacterial community comprising 119 microbial species naturally found in the human body. The study is published in the journal Cell.

7 Sep 2022

Insights into molecular structure of protein assembly that plays key role in controlling cristae architecture

Energy supply is a vital component of economic life. And the complex interplay between society and economy is jeopardized whenever core services or key industrial sectors are at risk of failing because of energy supply problems.

7 Sep 2022

Experts join forces to create a gold standard document to help people with cystic fibrosis

World leading experts have joined forces to create a gold standard document to help people living with Cystic Fibrosis.

7 Sep 2022

Air pollution exposure during infancy impacts a child's gut bacteria, may increase disease risk

Exposure to air pollution in the first six months of life impacts a child's inner world of gut bacteria, or microbiome, in ways that could increase risk of allergies, obesity and diabetes, and even influence brain development, suggests new CU Boulder research.

6 Sep 2022

New method can accurately, quickly predict which antigens will lead to strong immune response

A cell's secrets can be divulged by its surface, decorated with tens to hundreds of thousands of molecules that help immune cells determine friend from foe.

5 Sep 2022

The brain and fat communicate directly

Researchers examine the sensory innervation of fat cells within subcutaneous fat deposits.

4 Sep 2022

Men with low testosterone may have higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization

Men with low testosterone who develop COVID-19 are at elevated risk of becoming seriously ill and ending up in the hospital, according to a study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and Saint Louis University School of Medicine.

2 Sep 2022

Dental biological rhythm linked to adolescent weight gain in new study

In new research, researchers connected the timing of a dental biorhythm to weight and mass gained by a group of adolescents monitored longitudinally.

31 Aug 2022

Physiology News and Research

Father of modern corneal science honored with the 2022 António Champalimaud Vision Award

Exercise hormone irisin blocks Parkinson's-associated α-synuclein aggregation and related neuronal toxicity

Three rapid-launch research initiatives seek to advance the development of brain health metrics

Blocking FNDC5 prevents cancer-induced cachexia in mice

Researchers uncover the structure of protein fibrils linked to hereditary form of human prion disease

Morning-loaded and evening-loaded diets produce similar weight loss, with no energy metabolism differences

Study reveals gut-brain circuits drive cravings for fatty foods

UT Southwestern scientists identify genetic mutations that contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Early life exposure to antibiotics can have long-lasting effects on adult gut health

Study provides a potential game-changer in assessing treatment response in pancreatic cancer patients

Study establishes link between Piezo1 and intracellular cholesterol levels during neural development

How a key brain network responds to seasonal shifts in day length

Scientists develop a model human gut microbiome

Insights into molecular structure of protein assembly that plays key role in controlling cristae architecture

Experts join forces to create a gold standard document to help people with cystic fibrosis

Air pollution exposure during infancy impacts a child's gut bacteria, may increase disease risk

New method can accurately, quickly predict which antigens will lead to strong immune response

The brain and fat communicate directly

Men with low testosterone may have higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization

Dental biological rhythm linked to adolescent weight gain in new study

Designing fluidic architecture for scalable diagnostic platforms

Evaluating new approaches for rare disease genomics

Expanding access to NMR with the Fourier 80 Duo

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