Cell Biology

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Gene variations that regulate dopamine levels in the brain may influence mobility of elderly, frail adults

Variations in a gene that regulates dopamine levels in the brain may influence the mobility of elderly and frail adults, according to new research from the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health.

12 Oct 2020

Scientists discern molecular mechanisms underlying plant parasitism, cross-species grafting

Using the model Orobanchaceae parasitic plant Phtheirospermum japonicum, scientists from Nagoya University and other research institutes from Japan have discerned the molecular mechanisms underlying plant parasitism and cross-species grafting, pinpointing enzyme β-1,4-glucanase (GH9B3) as an important contributor to both phenomena.

12 Oct 2020

Nerve cell activity indicates the confidence in decisions

Should I or shouldn't I? The activity of individual nerve cells in the brain tells us how confident we are in our decisions. This is shown by a recent study by researchers at the University of Bonn.

9 Oct 2020

Study reveals how ovaries maintain a female's fertility

Recently published work from Carnegie's Allan Spradling and Wanbao Niu revealed in unprecedented detail the genetic instructions immature egg cells go through step by step as they mature into functionality.

9 Oct 2020

Production of bone substitutes is less complicated than was previously thought

The way in which bone formation occurs needs to be redefined. This was revealed by Radboud university medical center researchers and their colleagues in a publication in Nature Communications.

8 Oct 2020

Researchers drastically reduce the harvest period of stem cell sheets

Stem cells are cell factories that constantly divide themselves to create new cells. Implanting stem cells in damaged organs can regenerate new tissues.

8 Oct 2020

NTHU research could have significant impact on the treatment of dementia

One of the causes of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's is the calcification of the basal nucleus of the brain, which blocks the membrane protein channels on the surface of brain cells, preventing the transmission of signal molecules and nutrients to the cells.

8 Oct 2020

Intracellular ATP levels in the cortical neurons vary with sleep–wake states, animal study shows

It is assumed that the brain has homeostatic mechanisms to prevent the depletion of cellular energy, required for all cellular activities.

7 Oct 2020

Research team discovers a new key player in long-term memory

A McGill-led multi-institutional research team has discovered that during memory consolidation, there are at least two distinct processes taking place in two different brain networks - the excitatory and inhibitory networks.

7 Oct 2020

Researchers create p16-Cre ERT2 -tdTomato mouse model to characterize in vivo senescent cells

Cell senescence is a state of permanent cell cycle arrest that was initially defined for cells grown in cell culture. It plays a key role in age-associated organ dysfunction and age-related diseases such as cancer, but the in vivo pathogenesis is largely unclear.

7 Oct 2020

Scientists discover small molecules that may reduce cellular stress

For many, getting older can unfortunately mean an increased risk of illness from cardiovascular disease to cancer.

5 Oct 2020

Study offers explanation for why people's responses to the same drug vary widely

Scientists at Scripps Research have comprehensively mapped how a key class of proteins within cells regulates signals coming in from cell surface receptors.

1 Oct 2020

Direction and type of the force acting on a cell can alter gene expression

Tissues and cells in the human body are subjected to a constant push and pull - strained by other cells, blood pressure and fluid flow, to name a few.

1 Oct 2020

Fecal microbiota transplantation restores gut microbial development in cesarean-born infants

The human gut contains a diverse ecosystem of microbes: mainly bacteria, as well as viruses and fungi, termed the gut microbiota. Recent years have shown that the gut microbiota have widespread effects on the overall functioning of the host's body.

1 Oct 2020

Study reveals how immune cells sacrifice themselves to help fight off infections

Whether flu or coronavirus, it can take several days for the body to ramp up an effective response to a viral infection.

1 Oct 2020

Scientists map genetic networks that control the biology of regulatory T cells

Unlike most T cells, which launch immune responses against foreign molecules, regulatory T cells are the peacekeepers of the human immune system, damping down inflammatory reactions when they're not needed.

1 Oct 2020

Study reveals how ILCs develop, adapt, specialize in specific tissue environments

Specialized immune cells settle permanently in various tissues of the body and build "local task forces". Scientists from Würzburg have now discovered, how these cell populations can renew locally and can adapt to their specific environment.

1 Oct 2020

Researchers identify 'social cells' in the brain linked to social behavior

A research team led by Professor TAKUMI Toru of Kobe University's Graduate School of Medicine (also a Senior Visiting Scientist at RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research) have identified 'social cells' in the brain that are related to social behavior. The cells were identified via Ca imaging conducted using a microendoscope .

1 Oct 2020

Researchers unravel new mechanism of cell survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Researchers at The Wistar Institute unraveled a mechanism employed by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells for their survival.

30 Sep 2020

A detailed map of latent virus reservoir in individuals with HIV

The latent reservoir is the last bastion of HIV's resistance to a cure. But it is difficult to destroy because it is invisible: the cells in the reservoir harbor virus that is dormant, so they don't have any viral proteins on their surface that would give them away.

30 Sep 2020

Cell Biology

Gene variations that regulate dopamine levels in the brain may influence mobility of elderly, frail adults

Scientists discern molecular mechanisms underlying plant parasitism, cross-species grafting

Nerve cell activity indicates the confidence in decisions

Study reveals how ovaries maintain a female's fertility

Production of bone substitutes is less complicated than was previously thought

Researchers drastically reduce the harvest period of stem cell sheets

NTHU research could have significant impact on the treatment of dementia

Intracellular ATP levels in the cortical neurons vary with sleep–wake states, animal study shows

Research team discovers a new key player in long-term memory

Researchers create p16-Cre ERT2 -tdTomato mouse model to characterize in vivo senescent cells

Scientists discover small molecules that may reduce cellular stress

Study offers explanation for why people's responses to the same drug vary widely

Direction and type of the force acting on a cell can alter gene expression

Fecal microbiota transplantation restores gut microbial development in cesarean-born infants

Study reveals how immune cells sacrifice themselves to help fight off infections

Scientists map genetic networks that control the biology of regulatory T cells

Study reveals how ILCs develop, adapt, specialize in specific tissue environments

Researchers identify 'social cells' in the brain linked to social behavior

Researchers unravel new mechanism of cell survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

A detailed map of latent virus reservoir in individuals with HIV

The future of automation: Machine learning–driven hepatocyte and organoid counting

From street to lab: Advancing controlled substance testing with handheld Raman and FTIR

Reimagining light scattering for biotherapeutics

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