Cell Biology

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Scientists succeed in mapping a central part of the immune system

A new paper in Science Advances details how scientists have succeeded in mapping a central part of the immune system - the HLA class II molecules - while accurately predicting how they display fragments of pathogens on the surface of cells.

24 Nov 2023

Unveiling the role of Daam1 gene in intestinal stem cell fate decisions

Stem cells can differentiate to replace dead and damaged cells. But how do stem cells decide which type of cell to become in a given situation?

24 Nov 2023

Heat shock protein protects bacteria from plasma treatment

A heat shock protein protects the cells against protein clumping. It degrades, however, over longer treatment periods.

24 Nov 2023

New AI approach captures the tempo and stages of embryonic development

Animal embryos go through a series of characteristic developmental stages on their journey from a fertilized egg cell to a functional organism.

23 Nov 2023

JMU Würzburg professor wins ERC Consolidator Grant to advance research on ferroptosis

With the coveted Consolidator Grants totalling two million euros, the European Research Council (ERC) supports outstanding scientists whose work promises further top achievements. José Pedro Friedmann Angeli, Professor of Translational Cell Biology at Rudolf Virchow Centre - Centre for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging at Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU) Würzburg, now belongs to this group.

23 Nov 2023

Plant proteins found to mimic human immune signaling proteins

Researchers have shown that certain plant proteins resemble human signaling proteins of the immune system and can bind to their receptors.

23 Nov 2023

Study identifies common skin bacterium as previously unknown culprit behind itch

Scientists at Harvard Medical School have shown for the first time that a common skin bacterium - Staphylococcus aureus - can cause itch by acting directly on nerve cells.

22 Nov 2023

Microautophagy plays crucial role in lysosome repair, promoting healthy aging

To age or not to age! How does aging affect organisms on a cellular level? What mechanisms help cells survive self-inflicted or external harm? It is known that lysosomes - critically important cellular structures - are crucial for digesting damaged cellular components and pathogens, and maintain stability within cells and tissues.

21 Nov 2023

Study shows how probiotic Bifidobacteria longum can help relieve constipation

Scientists have identified the genes in the probiotic Bifidobacteria longum responsible for improving gut motility.

21 Nov 2023

St. Jude scientists discover potential CAR T cell therapy target for brain and solid tumors

Findings from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital are moving the field of cancer immunotherapy one step closer to treating brain and solid tumors.

21 Nov 2023

Scientists uncover key to enhancing cancer-killing T cells

T cells are the key immune system component involved in killing cancer. Tumors produce signals that turn off these T cells, partially by forcing them to progressively differentiate (mature) into a hypofunctional state known as exhaustion.

21 Nov 2023

Scientists unravel iron-based memory mechanism in bacteria

Scientists have discovered that bacteria can create something like memories about when to form strategies that can cause dangerous infections in people, such as resistance to antibiotics and bacterial swarms when millions of bacteria come together on a single surface.

21 Nov 2023

Pitt researcher receives $1.95 million grant to study cell communication

Day by day, we communicate with our office colleagues to accomplish tasks that are necessary to function.

21 Nov 2023

New organoid model could lead to personalized treatments for colon-related diseases

A team at the Medical University of South Carolina and Cincinnati Children's has developed a sophisticated model for studying the diseased colon that could lead to the development of personalized treatments for colon-related diseases, such as cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

20 Nov 2023

Groundbreaking technology developed to extract mesenchymal stem cells from pure bone marrow

Researchers from the Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-Medicine (CAMP) Interdisciplinary Research Group (IRG) of Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), MIT’s research enterprise in Singapore, in collaboration with the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI) and National University Health System (NUHS), have developed a groundbreaking technology capable of extracting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) directly from pure bone marrow – also known as bone marrow aspirate (BMA), a pivotal source of MSCs – without dilution.

20 Nov 2023

Stem-cell-derived brain cells hold promise for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's research

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison have identified a protein key to the development of a type of brain cell believed to play a role in disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and used the discovery to grow the neurons from stem cells for the first time.

17 Nov 2023

Nerve-immune system cross-talk: Key to zebrafish heart regeneration

Unlike humans, zebrafish can completely regenerate their hearts after injury. They owe this ability to the interaction between their nervous and immune systems, as researchers led by Suphansa Sawamiphak from the Max Delbrück Center now report in the journal Developmental Cell.

17 Nov 2023

Novel tool can help with analysis of single cell data

CITE-seq (cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes) is an RNA sequencing-based method that simultaneously quantifies cell surface protein and transcriptomic data within a single cell readout.

17 Nov 2023

Uncontrolled growth as a cancer cell's weakness

Growth is a fundamental biological process and a prerequisite for living organisms to develop and reproduce. The processes of cell growth (i.e. the production of new biomass) and of cell division must be coordinated with each other.

17 Nov 2023

New insights into how cells maintain their identity over generations

Every cell in the human body contains the same genetic instructions, encoded in its DNA. However, out of about 30,000 genes, each cell expresses only those genes that it needs to become a nerve cell, immune cell, or any of the other hundreds of cell types in the body.

16 Nov 2023