Solid Fat Content Determination by Time Domain (TD) NMR Analysis

Determining solid fat content (SFC) is important in the processing and development of food products. It is essential to characterize and control raw materials like fat compositions or blends in accordance with their melting profiles. Time domain (TD) NMR analysis is the globally recognized standard method used for SFC determination.

Bruker SFC analyzer

Bruker’s SFC analyzer has been developed in close partnership with companies operating in the oil and fat industry that extended for more than 40 years. The Bruker minispec supports all kinds of SFC methods, including parallel / serial and direct / indirect methods. The TD-NMR analysis is not only rapid and non-destructive, but also does not use any solvent for measurements. A completely automated solution is also offered by Bruker, including NMR measurement, tempering procedures, SFC value determination, and melting curve presentation.

Thanks to its simplicity, speed, and superior reproducible and repeatable values, TD-NMR has been the preferred method over dilatometry in quality control for the past three decades.

Bruker’s TD-NMR analysis conforms to the following international standard methods:

  • AOCS Cd 16-81
  • AOCS Cd 16b-93
  • IUPAC 2.150
  • ISO 8292

Key features and advantages of Bruker SFC analyzer

  • Pre-calibrated instrument
  • Operator-independent
  • Does not require chemical preparation
  • Automation option allows for complete SFC procedure, including all tempering steps
  • Dedicated SFC software
  • Bruker-certified calibration standards

Direct / indirect method

To measure SFC, two official methods are currently available, direct and indirect.

In the direct method, the signal of the solid as well as the liquid components of fats is measured. The direct method is typically the preferred method owing to its simplicity and speed. On the other hand, in the indirect method, the signal is obtained only from the liquid component and is compared to the signal obtained from a completely melted sample. Bruker SFC Analyzer supports both direct and indirect methods.

Parallel / serial tempering methods

The parallel method is faster and involves simultaneously processing many sample tube measurement temperatures consisting of the same fat. The serial method involves tempering and measurement of only one sample tube at each thermal reading. The direct / parallel method is the most commonly used method by the industry. However, the indirect method is also an important method, especially in the research and development of fats.

The direct method

The decay rate of the signal obtained from the solid component is very high, whereas the signal obtained from the liquid component takes a much longer time to decay. The SFC value is the ratio between the signal obtained from the solid component and the total NMR signal. To account for the receiver dead time, the signal is multiplied with a correction factor known as f-factor for extrapolating it to t = 0.

Instrument validation

  • The system comes with certified calibration samples. Typical values include 0, approximately 30% and approximately 70%
  • Daily Check Procedure – Measurement of standards is performed once a day and the system is automatically validated

In close partnership with Unilever Research, The Netherlands, Bruker has developed its initial reference standards. Nowadays, the Bruker reference standards are considered as an industry standard, and inter-laboratory comparisons of SFC values are performed based on these standards.

With this general calibration, a broad range of fat compositions can be measured irrespective of their fatty acid profile and chemical position.

Recommended equipment / automation

  • mq-one SFC Analyzer for routine quality control tasks
  • SFC dedicated automation available for mq-one and mq20 series instruments
  • mq20 series minispec for multiple applications, for example, droplet size analysis or moisture and fat content in food
  • Dedicated SFC software combined with automation or for manual operation

About Bruker BioSpin - NMR, EPR and Imaging

Bruker BioSpin offers the world's most comprehensive range of NMR and EPR spectroscopy and preclinical research tools. Bruker BioSpin develops, manufactures and supplies technology to research establishments, commercial enterprises and multi-national corporations across countless industries and fields of expertise.


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Last updated: Mar 11, 2022 at 12:49 AM

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