Carbohydrate

A carbohydrate is an organic compound with general formula C''m''(H2O)''n'', that is, consisting only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the last two in the 2:1 atom ratio. Carbohydrates can be viewed as hydrates of carbon, hence their name.

What are Carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates are one of the most important food groups in the diet. They provide essential elements that the body needs for instant energy production and various vital functions.

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate Structure

Foods High in Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Monosaccharides

Latest Carbohydrate News and Research

Trial investigates how quickly human milk responds to common plant based meat swaps

Replacing beef with a plant based beef substitute for six days changed the fatty acid composition of human milk, increasing medium chain saturated fats and lowering key long chain polyunsaturated fats such as arachidonic acid. These biochemical shifts occurred without changes in maternal weight, appetite, glucose patterns or infant milk intake.

18 Nov 2025

Are mushrooms more than a low-calorie food? New analysis explains their hidden advantages

Whole mushroom consumption shows consistent benefits for cardiometabolic health, lowering triglycerides in self-chosen diets and improving fasting glucose in a single healthy dietary pattern trial. Early evidence also suggests increases in salivary IgA and possible blood pressure improvements, with no adverse biomarker effects reported.

16 Nov 2025

Dash diet cuts diabetes complications by targeting blood pressure kidney health and inflammation

The DASH diet supports metabolic health in people with diabetes by improving blood pressure, renal function, lipids, and modest glycemic markers while reducing risks linked to vascular and inflammatory pathways. Its broad nutrient-driven mechanisms also benefit related conditions such as neuropathy, PCOS, and retinopathy, making it a versatile tool for cardiometabolic care.

16 Nov 2025

High protein breakfasts help you feel fuller but do not change how much you eat later

High protein breakfasts, whether plant or animal-based, boosted GLP-1 and PYY and modestly reduced appetite compared with a low protein, high carbohydrate meal. Despite these hormonal and appetite changes, lunchtime energy intake remained unchanged in both younger and older adults.

13 Nov 2025

Which plant-based diet is healthiest and most sustainable

Vegan and vegetarian diets deliver nutrient adequacy on par with Mediterranean diets, while lowering carbon footprints and promoting environmental health.

13 Nov 2025

What diet do people with type 2 diabetes really want? Study reveals flexibility beats strict meal plans

A large UK survey of adults with type 2 diabetes found that most prefer flexible, food-based diets—particularly moderate calorie restriction or low-carbohydrate plans, over formula-based regimens. Preferences varied by age, lifestyle, and desired outcomes, underscoring the need for personalized dietary support.

11 Nov 2025

Mapping London’s food deserts and nutrition gaps

A study reveals London's food deserts, linking access to healthy food with income, culture, and transportation, highlighting urgent public health challenges.

11 Nov 2025

Rockefeller scientists engineer next-generation antibody to replace IVIG therapy

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy involves infusing patients with naturally occurring IgG antibodies to treat autoimmune conditions.

7 Nov 2025

Scientists uncover mechanism driving efficient protein deacetylation by Sir2 enzyme

Sir2, an enzyme belonging to sirtuins, has been effectively involved in the deacetylation of proteins. A tandem allosteric effect of reactant and product is responsible for the efficient deacetylation cycle of the Sir2 enzyme, reveal researchers from Science Tokyo.

7 Nov 2025

Social media spreads both awareness and misinformation about allergies and asthma

From rare tick-borne meat allergy to everyday asthma, millions of people turn to social media for health advice.

6 Nov 2025

Scientists explore why black rice deserves a bigger place in modern diets

Researchers reviewed the nutritional composition, therapeutic benefits, and industrial uses of black rice, highlighting its potential as a functional food. The study highlights the role of black rice in managing blood sugar, cholesterol, and inflammation, while also advocating for more robust human trials and sustainable cultivation methods.

2 Nov 2025

Exploring the link between underweight status and gut microbiota composition in Japanese women

Low body weight in young women has been linked to a range of health concerns, including disrupted menstrual cycles, infertility, weakened immune function, and a long-term decline in bone density.

31 Oct 2025

Smarter insulin pump systems help stabilize glucose in young patients, study reveals

A Polish study comparing insulin pump technologies in children with type 1 diabetes found that advanced hybrid closed-loop systems achieved superior glycemic stability compared to predictive low glucose suspend systems. Despite technological advances, poor diet and low physical activity still undermine optimal metabolic control.

22 Oct 2025

Understanding the neural mechanisms behind food choices

Feeding in mammals is controlled by a complex neural system. Although several key neural pathways related to total calorie intake have been extensively studied, it is still unclear how food choices are regulated and how they influence overall feeding behavior.

22 Oct 2025

Scientists question the safety and efficacy of the diet for metabolic health

A study published in Science Advances by University of Utah Health researchers sheds light on the long-term effects of the ketogenic diet, raising important questions about its safety and efficacy for improving metabolic health.

22 Oct 2025

Fatty acids found to be a primary driver of triple-negative tumor growth

A team from Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah (the U) has found that triple-negative breast cancer is fueled by lipids and that these fatty acids are a key feature of obesity that promote tumor growth.

16 Oct 2025

Study finds prolonged fasting common among infants before anesthesia

Most children - including nearly 80% of infants - go without clear liquids before surgery for at least twice as long as guidelines recommend, according to an analysis of data on more than 70,000 children presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY 2025 annual meeting.

13 Oct 2025

Ketogenic diet protects young rats from effects of prenatal stress

Researchers have shown that young rats fed a ketogenic diet – a diet with high fat and low carbohydrates – are protected from the lasting experience of pre-natal stress.

12 Oct 2025

Fermented soy boosts memory in older adults

Findings from a study reveal that fermented soy may boost memory function in older adults, especially postmenopausal women, offering dietary cognitive support.

9 Oct 2025

Antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs show efficacy against steatotic liver disease

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is the most common liver disease in the world, affecting about one third of the adult population. This disorder is characterized by the accumulation of fat in liver cells, which has severe liver consequences and is also associated with a high mortality rate from cardiovascular disease.

6 Oct 2025

Carbohydrate

Overview

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate Structure

Foods High in Carbohydrates

Feature Articles

Carbohydrate Monosaccharides

Latest Carbohydrate News and Research

Trial investigates how quickly human milk responds to common plant based meat swaps

Are mushrooms more than a low-calorie food? New analysis explains their hidden advantages

Dash diet cuts diabetes complications by targeting blood pressure kidney health and inflammation

High protein breakfasts help you feel fuller but do not change how much you eat later

Which plant-based diet is healthiest and most sustainable

What diet do people with type 2 diabetes really want? Study reveals flexibility beats strict meal plans

Mapping London’s food deserts and nutrition gaps

Rockefeller scientists engineer next-generation antibody to replace IVIG therapy

Scientists uncover mechanism driving efficient protein deacetylation by Sir2 enzyme

Social media spreads both awareness and misinformation about allergies and asthma

Scientists explore why black rice deserves a bigger place in modern diets

Exploring the link between underweight status and gut microbiota composition in Japanese women

Smarter insulin pump systems help stabilize glucose in young patients, study reveals

Understanding the neural mechanisms behind food choices

Scientists question the safety and efficacy of the diet for metabolic health

Fatty acids found to be a primary driver of triple-negative tumor growth

Study finds prolonged fasting common among infants before anesthesia

Ketogenic diet protects young rats from effects of prenatal stress

Fermented soy boosts memory in older adults

Antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs show efficacy against steatotic liver disease

Redefining control and consistency in anaerobic microbiome workflows

AI in Healthcare: How generative tools are transforming clinical practice

The future of automation: Machine learning–driven hepatocyte and organoid counting

Carbohydrate

Overview

Feature Articles

Carbohydrate Monosaccharides

Latest Carbohydrate News and Research

Redefining control and consistency in anaerobic microbiome workflows

AI in Healthcare: How generative tools are transforming clinical practice

The future of automation: Machine learning–driven hepatocyte and organoid counting

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