Link between maternal pre-pregnant BMI, weight change in pregnancy and offspring birthweight

A new study published in the journal Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica (AOGS) reveals that both pre-pregnant weight (body mass index, BMI) and weight gain in pregnancy are important predictors of babies' birthweight. This is important since high birthweight may also predict adult overweight.

Researchers led by Unni Mette Stamnes Koepp of the Department of Pediatrics at Soerlandet Hospital and the University of Oslo, Norway, performed a population-based pregnancy cohort study, assessing 58,383 pregnant women between 2000 and 2007 from the Mother and Child Study conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. They estimated the association between maternal pre-pregnant BMI and weight change in pregnancy and offspring birthweight.

Results of the study showed that birthweight of the newborn child increased with increasing maternal pre-pregnant BMI, and that offspring birthweight also increased with increasing weight gain of the mother during pregnancy.

Every increase in one kg of pre-pregnancy BMI increased birthweight with 22.4 g. A subsequent increase in weight gain during pregnancy of 10 kg increased birthweight with 224 g.

Additionally, women with the highest level of education had the highest offspring birthweight. Offspring birthweight in women with 17 years or more of education was 79.2 g higher than those with less than or equal to 9 years of education.

"Encouraging women to attain a healthy weight before conception and keep a moderate weight gain during pregnancy is important to avoid high or excessive birthweight in offspring," Koepp notes. This is important knowledge for the battle against the world's obesity epidemic.

Source: Wiley-Blackwell