Pacemakers implanted for slow heart rhythm restore life expectancy to normal levels

Pacemakers implanted for slow heart rhythm restore life expectancy to normal levels, reveals research presented at ESC Congress 2013 today by Dr Erik O. Udo from the Netherlands. The findings provide a new reference point for the prognosis of modern pacemaker patients.

Dr Udo said: "Previous studies describing the survival of pacemaker patients used data that is more than 20 years old and cannot be used anymore for patient counselling and benchmarking. There have been considerable changes in pacemaker technology and in the profile of pacemaker patients and a new reference point of prognosis in modern day cardiac pacing was needed."

FollowPace was a nationwide multicentre prospective cohort study in 23 Dutch hospitals. It included 1,517 patients who received their first pacemaker for bradycardia (slow or irregular heart rhythm) between 2003 and 2007. Patients were followed for an average of 5.8 years.

The researchers found survival rates of 93%, 81%, 69% and 61% after 1, 3, 5 and 7 years respectively. Patients without cardiovascular disease (such as heart failure or coronary artery disease) at the time of pacemaker implantation had a survival rate similar to age and sex matched controls from the general Dutch population (see figure 1).

Dr Udo said: "Our results suggest that the prognosis of today's pacemaker patient is primarily determined by whether or not they also have cardiovascular disease, and not by the rhythm disorder itself. Patients who have heart failure or coronary artery disease when the pacemaker is implanted have the highest risk of death. On the other hand, patients without cardiovascular disease at the time of implantation have the best survival, which is comparable to the survival of the general population."

He added: "In earlier studies we showed that in cases of too slow heart rhythm, permanent pacing relieves symptoms and improves quality of life and therefore a pacemaker is the appropriate device. In this study we could document that other cardiovascular problems, such as coronary artery disease or heart failure, determine the prognosis of pacemaker patients rather than the slow heart rhythm itself."

He continued: "After pacemaker implantation for a too slow heart rhythm, more attention should be paid to the detection and treatment of other cardiovascular problems. Thus, next to the regular technical follow-ups of the pacemaker, the cardiologist should also regularly check the pacemaker recipient to improve the prognosis by treating potentially diagnosed cardiovascular diseases."

Dr Udo concluded: "The FollowPace study provides detailed documentation of current standard pacemaker care in a large representative sample of western pacemaker clinics. The results can therefore be considered a new benchmark of life expectancy of patients treated with today's cardiac pacing."