LGBTQ+ adolescents face higher rates of mental health challenges and substance use

New research from the University of Delaware finds that LGBTQ+ adolescents in Delaware face strikingly higher rates of mental health challenges and substance use compared to their peers.

In one of the first state-level studies conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic, Assistant Professor Eric Layland and colleagues in UD's College of Education and Human Development analyzed responses from more than 17,000 eighth and eleventh grade students collected through the 2022–2024 Delaware School Surveys. About one in four students identified as LGBTQ+ and these youth reported substantially higher rates of anxiety, depression and underage substance use.

By eighth grade, LGBTQ+ students were already using alcohol and other drugs at higher rates and up to 80% reported current anxiety symptoms – compared to about half of other students.

The study also highlights opportunities for schools to serve as powerful sources of support. Brittany Zakszeski, a UD expert in school psychology, is a co-author. The study notes that inclusive policies, staff training and affirming school climates can make a measurable difference in student well-being.

Layland and his team encourage Delaware educators and policymakers to expand protective policies – such as LGBTQ+ inclusive curricula and anti-bullying measures – to improve youth mental health outcomes across the state.