3D-printed anatomical models bring better surgical outcomes

JMIR Publications released a story on how 3D-printed anatomical models are being used to improve surgical outcomes in its News and Perspectives section. Authored by ICU nurse and health writer Jenna Congdon, BSN, RN, "Printing Personalized Medicine: 3D Models Bring Better Surgical Outcomes" reports how ENT surgeon Kyle VanKoevering, MD first used 3D modeling to recreate, then print, the head of a fetus with a potentially airway-obstructing facial mass in order to determine whether a risky surgical procedure would be necessary during delivery. VanKoevrering's Medical Modeling, Materials and Manufacturing (M4) Lab at Ohio State University have since used 3D printing to reduce risk and support clinical outcomes; joined in these forays by hospitals across the world.

What are 3D-printed medical models used for?

Congdon outlines key applications of medical 3D printed models:

• Studying individual patient anatomy before surgery: Particularly useful for complex, delicate structures, 3D printed models allow surgeons to prepare for each patient's unique anatomy and operate with higher precision.

• Developing and manufacturing patient-specific implants and prosthetic devices: 3D modelling and printing technologies are used to make highly personalized implants and prostheses, improving surgical outcomes and post-operative outcomes. 

• Making life-like models for medical training: Medical residents can train on realistic models that mimic the colour and texture of real tissue, developing their technical skills without risk to human patients.

What's next for medical 3D modeling?

Though this technology has clear benefits, the high start-up cost and additional regulatory clearances and training required has so far limited its implementation. 

"Implantable 3D-printed models require rigorous testing and FDA clearance to manufacture," Congdon writes, "a capability which the M4 lab does not yet have. Other medical facilities struggle with the high costs of starting a 3D printing lab, as well as the integration of the additional training and multidisciplinary coordination that must take place." Congdon, however, also notes that the benefits of personalized surgical care may extend to longer-term lower costs. Despite the hurdles, 3D modelling and printing has undeniable promise to support personalized surgical care.