Childhood trauma affects brain pathways linked to adult anhedonia

Experiencing trauma in childhood can lead to a lack of motivation and less pleasure from rewards-or anhedonia-later in life. In humans, childhood trauma is linked to changes in the activity of reward-related brain pathways stemming from an area called the hippocampus. Preclinical work in animals suggests that hippocampal changes may contribute to anhedonia. But do hippocampal changes linked to childhood trauma make people more vulnerable to developing anhedonia? New in JNeurosci, a research team led by Kathleen O'Brien at Temple University and Vishnu Murty at the University of Oregon sought to answer this question. 

A large cohort of human participants took questionnaires probing childhood trauma and the ability to experience pleasure. The researchers then used fMRI to examine hippocampus interactions with motivation-related brain areas. Individuals with childhood trauma and disrupted hippocampus pathways experienced more anhedonia than those with childhood trauma and no disruption to hippocampus pathways. 

According to the researchers, this work suggests that childhood trauma interacts with disrupted motivation-related pathways in the brain to contribute to the onset of anhedonia. Murty emphasizes that this work is among the first to link the hippocampus, a brain region typically associated with memory, to apathetic behavior in humans. The research team hopes to identify a target in the hippocampus that can increase pleasure in people with childhood trauma and to continue exploring the relationship between memory and anhedonia. 

Source:
Journal reference:

O’Brien, K. J., et al. (2026) Functional integrity of mesolimbic-hippocampal circuits is associated with anhedonia in individuals with early life stress. JNeurosci. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0274-26.2026. https://www.jneurosci.org/content/early/2026/08/06/JNEUROSCI.0274-26.2026

Comments

  1. Corinne Hansen Corinne Hansen United Kingdom says:

    I personally suffered great childhood neglect abuse and violence. I’ve never been able to have much laughter or fun in my life. I’ve suffered life long mental health issues due to my childhood.

    • AJ H. AJ H. United States says:

      I too suffered from horrendous abuse,  they broke my back when I was 6, never brought me to the doctor ever,  I've had pain and numbness and tingling my whole life,  I'm 38, only until recently I've really gone down hill,  could be also bc I'm in a relationship with a narcissist, which then now I'm on drugs to cope with trauma from then and now......my mental is not ok, never really has been,  I know what it's like to not be loved,  so I try n love people and it gets taken advantage of. But yea, I too have a hard time finding pleasure in things.  😔

    • Cheryl-lynn Bracey Cheryl-lynn Bracey United States says:

      Total same on my end. I went the route of heroin addiction to deal, but today I have 4.5 years clean! For me anhedonia hits most often in the quiet hour. I explain it like this: my gum isn't gummy enough. My coffee is not satisfying. I'm hungry but don't want to eat.

  2. Kay Hogbin Kay Hogbin United States says:

    I can attest to this story. One of my first memories was my parents fighting( my dad had come home drunk)and it woke me up. I can clearly remembering hearing the phone getting ripped off the wall. My father had over an alcohol use disorder and it changed his behavior when he drank. I was around 4 years old and I don’t remember leaving the house but, I was found wandering the neighborhood crying by our neighbors late at night. I remember them taking me in , but not getting picked up by my parents (my memory of the event is in pieces). My parents are still together and my dad eventually stopped drinking later in life. I have a distant relationship with him to this day. I have achieved what I believe a majority of people would call a successful life, but have been plagued by lack of joy or what I think is “happiness “. I often wish I could be excited or feel joy. I have seen over probably 7 psychologist and have been prescribed dozens of anti depressants and benzodiazepines but, nothing has ever helped and I seriously wonder what is the point of life? To have the most money ( I have plenty and that’s not brought me joy). I can afford to buy nice things, but I don’t care about material things at all and sadly I don’t really feel nothing at all. When I listen to people get passionate about their hobbies, buying their dream car or house, I really wish I could have that emotional experience and it’s depressing to get very little joy out of anything.

    • Serena Armendariz Serena Armendariz United States says:

      I know how you feel. Money comes and goes, but the only thing that has given me anything close to real peace is God and my personal relationship with Jesus. I know that may sound corny to some people, but honestly, my relationship with Jesus has helped me finally find some happiness in life.
      Both of my parents passed away young — my stepdad at 63 and my mom at 59. My dad was very abusive and a heavy drinker. He was Puerto Rican, and my mom struggled with a lot of health issues. She never really went to the doctor because she was raising six kids while dealing with an abusive, alcoholic husband. Both of my parents also used drugs, so my childhood was wild.
      I ran away at 14 and lived on the streets. I basically raised myself. Now I’m 37 and have been diagnosed with different mental health issues, but I don’t take the medication because it never helped me. It just made me sleep for days, and sometimes it felt like they wanted me dead with all those meds. I prefer more natural things.
      I’ve been through a lot, from childhood all the way into adulthood, and it has been hard to find joy. But when I found Jesus and opened my heart, He became the one thing that truly brought me joy — besides my kids.

    • Joy
      Dee Bisson Dee Bisson Canada says:

      You can't be successful without feeling contentment with what you chose to do with yourself. That's joy. The fact that you are here writing a long response to this shows that you found a joy. Joy doesn't have to be laughing in hysterics. Joy doesn't need to be motivation to doing what everyone else feels is a pleasure. I believe much of this is hogwash. And many are overly judged if they show emotions. They are expected to be numb as if numb is normal and that's what drugs cause is numbness and unalertness. Some people who seem to be dry and numb lacking emotion are the same people who criticize people who have emotional character. Fact is we are not all born as carbon copy clones of each other and that would make this a very lame boring world full of zombies if we all had to be how the heigherachy suggests we are to be think or feel.  You have your joy and perhaps the way you experience your joy isn't what others identify with. You are here doing what you personally enjoy. You are not meant to be the same as others.

    • Joanne Castellarin Joanne Castellarin United States says:

      Hi Kay,
      One of my earliest childhood memories almost mirrors yours! I had to be around 3 or 4, my dad was also an alcoholic and my parents would fight when he drank and I remember my mom would take me and my sister and brother (the youngest 3 of the 10 children) and flea in the middle of the night! We slept in church stairwells, park benches etc till my dad left for work the next day. They eventually divorced but life never really got easier. I am in my early 50"s now and life holds no joy! And for intents and purpose it really should. I was recently diagnosed with breast cancer for a second time and the sad part was I wasn't as upset as I should have been, it's as if I was like ok I'm done anyway. Well it's not terminal so I guess I have more time to try and figure out of I will ever truly be happy on this lifetime ❤️

    • Jintana Clements Jintana Clements United States says:

      Like, I’ve always wondered why I feel and act the way I do around people, events, and stuff in general. Honestly, I never really enjoyed the friendships, chances, or even love I got. I think I was looking for happiness in the wrong places or people. Totally get what that article was saying. My parents left me, and I bounced around between houses. Got adopted at 4, but my adopted mom and grandparents were super abusive. My adopted mom used to hit me, and I ended up in the hospital a bunch. Those things still mess with me but they have less affected on me today and I find healing through faith and childhood trauma counseling. I dont use substances to cope even though sometimes I want to drink to forget. I was prescribed antidepressant but they made me feel not like myself so I stopped taking them. I think we all here have Complex Chifhood Post Trauma Syndrome or CPTSD. Our thought and feeling are very disregulated because what had happened to us. Through work with counselors who understand this can help bring balance in our lives.

  3. m robb m robb United States says:

    I was physically and sexually abused as a child, and thrive on helping other trauma patients. I also skydive, and am known for jumping off of anything high enough without fear.

  4. Matthew Phillips Matthew Phillips United Kingdom says:

    I was physically and mentally  abused by my step mother , my actual mother was an alcoholic and died when I was seventeen . I was known to social services and homeless by 17 . The local authority helped me very quickly so I wasn’t homeless for long. I needed up going into Nursing as I wanted to help people and support them through trying times . It brings me joy to know I’ve made a difference for other people but I find it hard to get excited about positive things happening to me . I don’t think I have as much of a positive reaction to things as I should and on reading this ; it makes sense . I think I also find it difficult to trust that the good things that have happened will stick and that the other shoe will drop.

  5. j n j n Canada says:

    if you guys who have this lack of pleasure haven't tried ketamine infusion therapy, I would highly recommend. honestly, one of the only ways I can actually feel joy is when I've got ketamine in me. it's kept me going for over 20 years now.

    • TClan J Topsom TClan J Topsom Australia says:

      Heroin made me happy for decades and i know many ketamine addicts. There are many drugs that make you happy but its no genuine solition, eventually your high wont make you happy. It will just be a return to normal and the lack of joy and motivation will return even stronger than before. You will work your way through the different drugs and gain all the associated health problems before you realise that happiness is not a drug induced feeling. Its possible you will never be happy but the only way of finding out is by facing your demons.

    • AJ H. AJ H. United States says:

      Really????? What is it and how do I get some? What's the cost? Is it safe?

  6. Alexander Abel Alexander Abel United States says:

    Ladies and gentlemen, I present to you, confirmation bias. Everyone experiences trauma and stress. This study doesnt control for environmental factors, socioeconomic status, gender, life circumstances, or personal choice. First and foremost  look up the definition of happiness, I'll save you some time. You decide what makes you happy. Was this study done in 2006 or 2026? The dofference is social media. As it turns out, its a 20206 study. Social media had robbed the average person of the ability to adequately define for themselves what makes them happy because of the complexity of the information environment. The correct answer slapping you in the face but the assertion that it must be childhood trauma is unacedemic at best and willfully ignorant at worst. You might not like what I'm saying but unfortunately for you, conditioning is the process in which humans learn. This article even talks about it. The internet, social media, AI, politics, influencers, laziness. All of these influences accelerate conditioning through proximity and repetition. You dont feel joy because of childhood trauma? Joy compared to what? Worse than that, the questionnaire was online and they had no way of controlling for bias. This study is unscientific and purely correlative. The alternative explanations make more sense. Childhood trauma. How juvenile. Freud is laughing in his grave. Evidence? This comments section. Everyone has confirmation bias except the guy telling everyone to use drugs. "It happened to me" *tells rehearsed so story* confirmation bias. Everyone has trauma and stress. Everyone. The responses to this article were almost exact what you expect from social media. Screaming for attention. Like amd follow. Reinforcement. But it has to be childhood trauma that has affected our sense of happiness and ability to feel joy, not the thing that is using psychology against us to make money and has managed to invade nearly every facet of society and our lives. Good one.

The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of News Medical.
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