Genetic variations do not improve ability to predict risk of AD: Study

Although genome-wide analysis identified two genetic variations associated with Alzheimer disease (AD), these variations did not improve the ability to predict the risk of AD, according to a study in the May 12 issue of JAMA.

"One of every 5 persons aged 65 years is predicted to develop AD in their lifetime, and genetic variants may play an important part in the development of the disease. The apparent substantial heritability of late-onset AD is inadequately explained by genetic variation within the well-replicated genes," the authors write.

Monique M. B. Breteler, M.D., Ph.D., of University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands and colleagues conducted a study to identify and strengthen associations of additional loci (the position of a gene on a chromosome) with AD and confirm these in an independent sample. The researchers also examined the contribution of recently identified genes to AD risk prediction in a 3-stage analysis of new and previously published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on more than 35,000 persons (8,371 AD cases).

After conducting various analyses from different AD patient and population groups, in the gene discovery phase, the researchers found genome-wide significance for 2 loci related to AD, one on chromosome 2 and a second locus on chromosome 19, that had not previously been found to achieve genome-wide significance and that appear to be independent of the gene well established to be associated with AD, apolipoprotein E (APOE). "These findings were replicated in an independent population. Two recently reported associations were also confirmed. [In analyses including age, sex and APOE genotype], These loci did not improve AD risk prediction," the authors write. "The value of these associations may lie in the insights they could provide for research into the pathophysiological mechanisms of AD."

SOURCE JAMA