Doctor offers tips for parents on how to speak with children about disasters

The earthquake that hit Haiti on Jan. 12 has evoked emotions of sadness, grief and helplessness in many around the world.

While adults may know how to express these feelings, often they do not know how to talk with children about the way the children are feeling.

David Schonfeld, MD, Director, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Director, National Center for School Crisis and Bereavement, gives parents the following tips on how to speak with their children after disasters have occurred.

•Talk about the event with your child. Not talking about it makes the event even more threatening in your child's mind. Silence suggests that what has occurred is too horrible to even speak of. Chances are he has already heard about it.

•Start by asking what your child has already heard about the events and what understanding he has reached. As your child explains, listen for misinformation, misconceptions and underlying fears or concerns.

•When children ask if it is possible that an earthquake could occur that would impact their family, they are likely really asking whether it is "likely" - when appropriate, reassure them the risk of an earthquake in your community is quite low.

•Encourage your child to ask questions, and answer those questions directly. Like adults, children are better able to cope with a crisis if they feel they understand it. Question-and-answer exchanges help ensure ongoing support as your child begins to understand the crisis and the response to it.

•Limit your child's media exposure to images and sounds related to the disaster. Remember they often overhear or see what you are watching on t.v. or listening to on the radio.

•Work with your child to figure out a way that the child can help the people who were affected by the disaster. Children may also find benefit it helping others in need in their own community.

•Consider sharing your feelings about the event or crisis with your child. This is an opportunity for you to role model how to cope and how to plan for the future. Before you reach out, however, be sure you are able to express a positive or hopeful plan.

•If you have concerns about your child's behavior, contact her pediatrician, other primary care provider, or a qualified mental health care specialist.